Examining the impact of visa restrictions on international tourist flows using panel dataUn análisis con datos de panel

  1. Andrés Artal-Tur
  2. Vicente J Pallardó-López
  3. Francisco Requena-Silvente
Journal:
Estudios de economía

ISSN: 0304-2758,  0718-5286

Year of publication: 2016

Volume: 43

Issue: 2

Pages: 265-279

Type: Article

DOI: 10.4067/S0718-52862016000200005 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

More publications in: Estudios de economía

Abstract

Using newly panel data on visa restrictions for the years 2000 and 2010 in a theory-grounded gravity model, we find a robust, causal negative impact of visa restrictions on international touristflows. By destination, the detrimental impact of this type of barrier is observed for tourists going to developing countries (with the exception of East and South Asia), but notfor those to developed ones. By country of origin of tourists, the impact of visa restrictions appears to be the same for tourists coming from developed and developing countries. These findings have important consequences in policy terms for tourism management at a regional level.

Bibliographic References

  • Baier S., L, Bergstrand, J. H. (2007). Do free trade agreements actua- lly increase members’ international trade?. Journal of International Economics. 71. 72-95
  • Baltagi, B. H, Egger, P, Pfaffermayr, M. (2003). A generalized design for bilateral trade from models. Economic Letters. 80. 391-397
  • Bertoli, S, Fernández-Huertas, J. (2012). Visa Policies, Networks and the Cliff at the Border. mimeo.
  • Chen, I-H, Wall, H. J. (2005). Controlling for heterogeneity in gravity models of trade and integration. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review. 87. 49-63
  • Eliat, Y, Einav, L. (2004). The determinants of international tourism: A three dimensional panel data analysis. Applied Economics. 36. 1315-1328
  • Gil-Pareja, S, Llorca-Vivero, R, Martínez-Serrano, J. A. (2007). The impact of embassies and consulates on tourism. Tourism Management. 28. 355-360
  • Head, K, Mayer, T, Ries, J. (2010). The erosion of colonial trade linkages after independence. Journal of International Economics. 81. 1-14
  • (2008). International Recommendations for Tourism Statistics 2008. United Nations World Tourism Organization. Madrid.
  • Neumayer, E. (2006). Unequal access to foreign spaces: how states use visa restrictions to regulate mobility in a globalized world. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers. 31. 72-84
  • Neumayer, E. (2010). Visa Restrictions and Bilateral Travel. The Professional Geographer. 62. 171-181
  • Neumayer, E. (2011). On the detrimental impact of visa restrictions on bilateral trade and foreign direct investment. Applied Geography. 31. 901-907
  • Ozden, C., Parsons, C. R., Schiff, M., Walmsley, T. L.. (2011). Where on Earth is Everybody?: The Evolution of Global Bilateral Migration 1960-2000. The World Bank Economic Review. 25. 12-56
  • Patrick Rhamey, P, Cline, K, Bodung, S, Henshaw, A. (2010). The Diplomatic Contacts Data Base. School of Government and Public Policy, University of Arizona. Tucson.
  • Santos Silva, J. M. C, Teneyro, S. (2006). The log of gravity. The Review of Economics and Statistics. 88. 641-658
  • Song, H, Gartnerb W., C, Tascic, A. (2012). Visa restrictions and their adverse economic and marketing implications-Evidence from China. Tourism Management. 33. 397-412
  • Thomas, N. (2012). UK visa system attacked as tourists stay away during Olympics. The Telegraph.
  • (2010). The 9/11 Terrorist Attack and Overseas Travel to the United States: Initial Impacts and Longer-Run Recovery. US Department of Homeland Security WP.
  • (2012). World development indicators on-line. World Bank. Washington^eDC DC.
  • Wooldridge, J.M. (2002). Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data. MIT Press. Cambridge.
  • (2012). United Nations World Tourism Organization. Madrid.
  • Zhang, J, Jensen, C. (2007). Comparative advantage explaining tourism flows. Annals of Tourism Research. 34. 223-243
Data source: Dialnet