Deficit irrigation in commercial mandarin treeswater relations, yield and quality responses at harvest and after cold storage

  1. Conesa, María R.
  2. de la Rosa, José M.
  3. Fernández-Trujillo, J. Pablo
  4. Domingo, Rafael
  5. Pérez-Pastor, Alejandro
Revista:
Spanish journal of agricultural research

ISSN: 1695-971X,  2171-9292

Año de publicación: 2018

Volumen: 16

Número: 3

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.5424/SJAR/2018163-12631 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: Spanish journal of agricultural research

Resumen

Two experiments were conducted on a commercial farm of late ‘Fortune’ mandarin trees in order to know the response of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), mainly applied during the most harmful ripening stages, on plant water relations, yield and fruit quality at harvest and after cold storage at different temperatures. Control trees were irrigated to satisfy maximum crop evapotranspiration, while RDI-1 and RDI- 2 represented a 20% and 40% reduction, respectively, in the water applied. Total yield and fruit quality at harvest were not significantly affected by either treatment. Late stage II of fruit growth was the most sensitive period to water stress, while deficit irrigation applied during flowering and stage I of fruit growth resulted in a significantly higher number of fruits per tree and an improvement in irrigation water productivity compared with the Control treatment. In both experiments, skin chroma decreased during cold storage, at the same time as titratable acidity fell. Fruit quality (titratable acidity, skin C* and ascorbic and glutamic acids) were more affected by cold storage than by differences between the RDI treatments. The use of trunk diameter fluctuation was useful for restoring the RDI irrigation to levels of the Control at the end of early stage II. From a quality point of view, any difference between treatments found at harvest tended to diminish during the subsequent shelf-life after cold storage. Quality traits (titratable acidity, ascorbic and glutamic acid) could be used as chilling biomarkers.

€ Ver financiación

Información de financiación

Funding: Seneca Foundation(씀Agency for Science and Technology of the Region of Murcia (19895/GERM/15); Spanish Ministry of Science of Innovation (AGL2016-77282-C3-3-R); European Commission (LIFE13 ENV/ES/000539, LIFE+IRRIMAN); Spanish Ministry of Education (FPU fellowship to MRC). Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Correspondence should be addressed to Alejandro Pérez Pastor: alex.perez-pastor@upct.es

Financiadores

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Aguado A, Frías J, García-Tejero I, Romero F., Muriel JL, Capote N, 2012. Towards the improvement of fruit-quality parameters in citrus under deficit irrigation strategies. International scholarly research network, ISRN. Agronomy 2012: 940896.
  • Agustí M, Zaragoza S, Bleiholder H, Buhr L, Hack H, Klose K, Staub R, 2003. The BBCH scale for describing phenological stages in Citrus. Proc. Int. Congress of Citriculture. 9th meeting of the Int Soc of Citriculture, 4-7 Dec 2000, Orlando, FL, USA, 1: 445-446.
  • Ballester C, Castel J, Intringliolo DS, Castel JR, 2011. Response of Clementina de Nules citrus trees to summer deficit irrigation. Yield components and fruit composition. Agric Water Manage 98: 1027-1032. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2011.01.011
  • Chalmers DJ, Mitchell PD, Jerie PH, 1981. The relation between irrigation, growth and productivity of peach trees. Acta Hortic 173: 283-288. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1985.173.32
  • Chalutz E, Jehoshua W, Schiffmann-Nadel M, 1985. A comparison of the response of different citrus fruit cultivars to storage temperature. Sci Hortic 25: 271-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(85)90125-6
  • Conesa MR, García-Salinas MD, de la Rosa JM, Fernández-Trujillo JP, Domingo R, Pérez-Pastor A, 2014. Effects of deficit irrigation applied during fruit growth of late mandarin trees on quality harvest, chilling storage and subsequent shelf-life. Sci Hortic 165: 344-351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2013.11.023
  • De la Rosa JM, Conesa MR, Domingo R, Torres R, Pérez-Pastor A, 2013. Feasibility of using trunk diameter fluctuation and stem water potential reference lines for irrigation scheduling of early nectarine trees. Agric Water Manage 126: 133-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2013.05.009
  • Domingo R, Ruiz-Sánchez MC, Sánchez-Blanco MJ, Torrecillas A, 1996. Water relations growth and yield of 'Fino' lemon trees under regulated deficit irrigation. Irrig Sci 16: 115-123. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02215619
  • Doorenbos J, Kassam AH, Bentvelsen C, Uittenbogaard G, 1980. Yield response to water. In SS Johl, ed, Irrigation and Agricultural Development, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 257-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-025675-7.50021-2
  • Egea G, Pagán E, Baille A, Domingo R, Nortes PA, Pérez-Pastor A, 2009. Usefulness of establishing trunk diameter-based reference lines for irrigation scheduling in almond trees. Irrig Sci 27: 431-441. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-009-0157-0
  • Ehlenringer JR, Cook CS, 1984. Photosynthesis in Encelia farinose Gray in response to decreasing leaf water potential. Plant Physiol 75: 688-693. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.75.3.688
  • Falagán N, Artés, F, Artés-Hernández F, Gómez PA, Pérez-Pastor A, Aguayo E, 2015. Comparative study on postharvest performance of nectarines grown under regulated deficit irrigation. Postharvest Biol Technol 110: 24-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.07.011
  • Fernández JE, Cuevas MV, 2010. Irrigation scheduling from stem diameter variations: a review. Agric Forest Meteor 150: 135-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.11.006
  • Forner-Giner MA, Rodríguez-Gamir J, Primo-Millo E, Iglesias DJ, 2011. Hidraulic and chemical responses of citrus seedlings to drought and osmotic stress. J Plant Growth Regul 30: 353-366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-011-9197-9
  • Frías J, 2017. Aplicaciones del riego deficitario para la mejora en las propiedades organolépticas y biosaludables en el cultivo de cítricos. PhD Thesis dissertation. University of Seville (Spain). https://idus.us.es/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11441/65266/TESIS%20DOCTORAL%20JULIO%20FRIAS.pdf?sequence=4
  • García-Tejero I, Romero-Vicente R, Jiménez-Bocanegra JA, Martínez-García G, Durán-Zuazo VH, Muriel-Fernández JL, 2010. Response of citrus trees to deficit irrigation during different phenological periods in relation to yield, fruit quality, and water productivity. Agric Water Manage 97: 689-699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2009.12.012
  • García-Tejero I, Durán-Zuazo VH, Jiménez-Bocanegra JA, Muriel-Fernández JL, 2011. Improved water-use efficiency by deficit-irrigation programmes: Implications for saving water in citrus orchards. Sci Hort 128 (3): 274-282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2011.01.035
  • García-Tejero I, Durán-Zuazo VH, Arriaga J Muriel-Fernández JL, 2012. Relationships between trunk-and fruit-diameter growths under deficit irrigation programmes in orange trees. Sci Hort 133: 64-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2011.10.022
  • Gasque M, Marti P, Granero B, González-Altozano P, 2016. Effects of long-term summer deficit irrigation on 'Navelina' citrus trees. Agric Water Manage 169: 140-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.02.028
  • Goldhamer D, Fereres E, 2001. Irrigation scheduling protocols using continuously recorded trunk diameter measurements. Irrig Sci 20: 115-125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002710000034
  • González-Altozano P, Castel JR, 2003a. Regulated deficit irrigation in "Clementina de Nules" citrus tree, I. Yield and fruit quality effects during four years. Span J Agric Res 1: 81-92. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2003012-24
  • González-Altozano P, Castel JR, 2003b. Regulated deficit irrigation in "Clementina de Nules" citrus tree, II. Effects on vegetative growth. Span J Agric Res 1: 93-101. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2003012-25
  • Hsiao TC, 1990. Measurements of plant water status. In: Irrigation of agricultural crops; Stewart BA, Nielsen DR (eds). Monograph no. 30, Am Soc Agron, Madison, WI, pp: 243-279.
  • Malik NSA, Pérez JL, Kunta M, 2013. Changes in free amino acid levels in sour orange leaves in response to cold stress and during recovery from cold stress. Insect Sci 21: 707-716. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.12075
  • Murata T, 1977a. Studies on the postharvest storage of citrus fruit (VII). Acid metabolism in Satsuma mandarin fruit during storage. J Jpn Soc Hortic Sci 46: 283-287. https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.46.283
  • Murata T, 1977b. Studies on the postharvest storage of citrus fruit (VIII). Metabolism of citrate-14C and glucose -14C in 'Satsuma mandarin' fruit during storage. J Jpn Soc Hortic Sci 46: 375-379. https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.46.375
  • Myers BJ, 1988. Water stress integral-a link between short-term stress and long-term growth. Tree Physiol 4: 315-323. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/4.4.315
  • Naor A, Schneider D, Ben-Gal A, Zipori I, Dag A, Kerem Z, Birger R, Perez M, Gal Y, 2013. The effects of crop load and irrigation rate in the oil accumulation stage on oil yield and water relations of 'Koroneiki' olives. Irrig Sci 31: 781-791. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-012-0363-z
  • Nortes PA, Pérez-Pastor A, Egea G, Conejero W, Domingo R, 2005. Comparison of changes in stem diameter and water potential values for detecting water stress in young almond trees. Agric Water Manage 77: 296-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2004.09.034
  • Obando-Ulloa JM, Eduardo I, Monforte AJ, Fernández-Trujillo JP, 2009. Identification of QTLs related to sugar and organic acid composition in melon using near-isogenic lines. Sci Hort 121: 425-433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2009.02.023
  • Ortuño MF, Conejero W, Moreno F, Moriana A, Intrigliolo DS, Biel C, Mellisho CD, Pérez-Pastor A, Domingo R, Ruiz-Sánchez MC, et al., 2010. Could trunk diameter sensors be used in woody crops for irrigation scheduling? A review of current knowledge and future perspectives. Agric Water Manage 97: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2009.09.008
  • Pagán E, 2012. Uso de indicadores del estado hídrico de la planta para la optimización del riego en cultivos leñosos. PhD dissertation. Technical University of Cartagena (UPCT).
  • Pagán E, Pérez-Pastor A, Domingo R, Conesa MR, Caro M, 2012. Suitability of trunk diameter reference lines for irrigation scheduling with saline water in late mandarin trees with different crop load. Agric Water Manage 111: 11-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2012.04.008
  • Pérez-Pastor A, Ruiz-Sánchez M, Martinez JA, Nortes PA, Artés F, Domingo R, 2007. Effect of deficit irrigation on apricot fruit quality at harvest and during storage. J Sci Food Agric 87: 2409-2415. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2905
  • Pérez-Pastor A, Domingo R, Torrecillas A, Ruiz-Sánchez MC, 2009. Response of apricot trees to deficit irrigation strategies. Irrig Sci 27: 231-242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-008-0136-x
  • Pérez-Pastor A, Ruiz-Sánchez MC, Domingo R, 2014. Effects of timing and intensity of deficit irrigation on vegetative and fruit growth of apricot trees. Agric Water Manage 134: 110-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2013.12.007
  • Pérez-Pastor A, Ruiz-Sánchez MC, Conesa MR, 2016. Drought stress effect on plant yield. In: Water stress and crop plants: A sustainable approach; Parvaiz Ahmad (Ed). Chapter 22. pp: 356-374. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119054450.ch22
  • Pérez-Pérez JG, Romero P, Navarro JM, 2008a. Response of sweet orange cv 'Lane Late' to deficit irrigation in two rootstocks. I: water relations, leaf gas exchange and vegetative growth. Irrig Sci 26: 415-425. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-008-0106-3
  • Pérez-Pérez JG, Romero P, Navarro JM, Botía P, 2008b. Response of sweet orange cv. 'Lane Late' to deficit irrigation in two rootstocks. II: Flowering, fruit growth, yield and fruit quality. Irrig Sci 26: 519-529. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-008-0113-4
  • Pérez-Pérez JG, Robles JM, Botía P, 2009. Influence of deficit irrigation in phase III of fruit growth on fruit quality in `lane late' sweet orange. Agric Water Manage 96: 969-974. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2009.01.008
  • Pérez-Pérez JG, Robles JM, Botía P, 2014. Effects of deficit irrigation in different fruit growth stages on 'Star Ruby' grapefruit trees in semi-arid conditions. Agric Water Manage 133: 44-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2013.11.002
  • Pérez-Pérez JG, Robles JM, García-Sanchez, F, Botía P, 2016. Comparison of deficit and saline irrigation strategies to confront water restriction in lemon trees grown in semi-arid regions. Agric. Water Manage 164: 46-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2015.08.015
  • Puerto P, Domingo R, Torres R, Pérez-Pastor A, García-Riquelme M, 2013. Remote management of deficit irrigation in almond trees based on maximum daily trunk shrinkage. Water relations and yield. Agric Water Manage 126: 33-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2013.04.013
  • Rodrigo R, Alquézar B, Alós E, Lado J, Zacarías L, 2013. Biochemical bases and molecular regulation of pigmentation in the peel of Citrus fruit. Sci Hort 163: 46-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2013.08.014
  • Romero P, Navarro JM, Pérez-Pérez JG, García-Sánchez F, Gómez-Gómez A, Porras I, Martínez V, Botía P, 2006. Deficit irrigation and rootstock and the water relations, vegetative development, yield, fruit quality, and mineral nutrition of 'Clemenules' mandarin. Tree Physiol 26: 1537-1548. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/26.12.1537
  • Romero R, Zúñica, L, 2005. Métodos estadísticos en ingeniería. Ed. Limusa, México.
  • Romero-Trigueros C, Parra M, Bayona JM, Nortes PA, Alarcón JJ, Nicolás E, 2017. Effect of deficit irrigation and reclaimed water on yield and quality of grapefruits at harvest and postharvest. LWT-Food Sci Tech 85: 405-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2017.05.001
  • Ruiz-Sánchez M, Domingo R, Castel J, 2010. Review: Deficit irrigation in fruit trees and vines in Spain. Span J Agric Res 8: 5-20. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/201008S2-1343
  • Salvador A, Carvalho CP, Monterde A, Martínez-Jávega JM, 2006. Note. 1-MCP effect on chilling injury development in 'Nova' and 'Ortanique' mandarins. Food Sci Technol Int 12: 165-170. https://doi.org/10.1177/1082013206063736
  • Sinclair TR, Allen LH, 1982. Carbon dioxide and water vapour exchange of leaves on field-grown citrus trees. J Exp Bot 33:1166-1175. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/33.6.1166
  • Terradas J, Savé R, 1992. The influence of summer and winter stress and water relationships on the distribution of Quercus ilex L. Vegetatio 99-100: 137-145. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00118219
  • Zhang G, Xie S, 2014. Influence of water stress on the citric acid metabolism related gene expression in the Ponkan fruits. Agric Sci 5: 1513-1521.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet