Changes in soil microbial activity and physicochemical properties in agricultural soils in Eastern Spain

  1. Morugán-Coronado, Alicia
  2. García-Orenes, Fuensanta
  3. Cerdà, Artemi
Revista:
Spanish Journal of Soil Science: SJSS

ISSN: 2253-6574

Año de publicación: 2015

Volumen: 5

Número: 3

Páginas: 201-213

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.3232/SJSS.2015.V5.N3.02 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: Spanish Journal of Soil Science: SJSS

Resumen

El manejo agrícola afecta a las propiedades del suelo así como a las comunidades microbianas, ya que son altamente sensibles frente a cambios en el uso del suelo y pueden utilizarse como indicadores de calidad frente a las perturbaciones en ese uso como, por ejemplo, las actividades enzimáticas. El cultivo del naranjo puede degradar los suelos, por lo que este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar cómo el manejo agrícola en un cultivo de naranjo puede mejorar la calidad del suelo y las propiedades microbiológicas del mismo. El experimento se llevó a cabo en una finca de naranjos (Citrus Sinensis) situada en Alcoleja (comarca de la Costera, Valencia, España), donde se instalaron tres parcelas con tres manejos agrícolas distintos. La primera parcela (H) se encuentra fertilizada inorgánicamente y se aplican herbicidas; la segunda parcela (P) está sometida a un labrado continuo donde además se fertiliza inorgánicamente; y, por último, en la parcela (O) se aplica agricultura de producción ecológica. De cada parcela de estudio se tomaron nueve muestras de suelo, en las que se determinaron: parámetros fisicoquímicos, respiración edáfica basal, carbono de la biomasa microbiana, índices microbianos (BSR/C, Cmic/C y BSR/Cmic) y actividades enzimáticas (ureasa, deshidrogenasa, ß-glucosidasa y fosfatasa ácida). Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas entre los distintos manejos agrícolas para los índices microbianos y las propiedades microbiológicas, ya que éstos están altamente relacionados con el contenido de materia orgánica del suelo. Por otro lado, las parcelas H y P obtuvieron resultados similares para dichas propiedades, mientras que la parcela con agricultura ecológica obtuvo los valores más altos para el contenido en materia orgánica, agregación y actividad biológica del suelo.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet